Hate to say it but it sounds like its impact borne, meaning it could be a problem like a stress fracture (not saying it is, just that the symptoms ring a bell...). If it is you need to pay off running and reduce the impact from walking so wearing things like trainers as oppose to heavy shoes without anything reducing the impact.
You don't have to give up your fitness levels. You just have to change the way you go about exercising. Things like cycling, swimming, even rowing can be good and if you are part of a gym things like the cross trainer and weight machines can help. Basicly anything which keeps both feet on the floor/on a platform without ever coming fully off the platform is good. Short circuits and things like HIIT (High Impact Interval Training) should be more then enough to keep your fitness cardio levels up.
Do go and visit your doctor though as they can run scans to see if it is a stress fracture. If nothing appears on an x-ray and there is still pain, go back. Stress fractures cannot be spotted on an x-ray for many people as the fracture is a hairline one and often more intensive scans need to be done. It can take a while though and the treatment will be the same if you have the scan or not: rest, eat lots of calcium rich foods, protein rich foods, lots of fresh vegetables and build up the muscles in your leg doing non impact things -and don't go back to running unless you have no pain. That is ZERO pain, not pain which wears off after 15 minutes or 10K or whatever, no pain means no pain at all, not some pain