Sounds just like a proper muscle spasm. Could be caused by a number of things one of which could be posture. If you were running tired and leaning forward a lot more, the combination of that and heavier, perhaps more laboured breathing as a result of running 50% further than you would do normally could easily result in extra strain on your back muscles, and a spasm.
It could just as equally be caused by a more fundamental weakness in your core stability which you need to work on to strengthen your spine.
The pain would more than likely be from either your little breathing muscles between the ribs or from trapezius which is a sort of triangular set of muscles that run up your spine, across your shoulders and back down around your shoulder blade.
Best advice in the short term is keep it warm, gently stretch and get in for some physio pronto!!
Best of luck .....