Ultrasound or MRI scan would be needed to check the soft tisuue. On NHS you'll need GPs referral - you need to over-emphasis to him/her how debilatating it is for you, otherwise he may not refer you... Some GPs don't seem to realise how much running means to someone quality of life! If not, you'd have to go down the private physio - consultant route...
All that said, just because the pain is at the knee doesn't mean the cause is in the knee. Don't be surprised if you had a MRI on the knee and everything come back normal! From your symptoms I'd still suspect a biomechnical compensation that is over-stressing the knee joint at THAT point when running. You should get your running gait properly checked.