I am by no means an expert, but...
Do you still do long slow rides, do you still do intervals/ hill repeats, do you still do tempo rides,
It's pretty similar. With any training (running, bike, swimming, etc.) you need to stress the working muscles in different ways to build strength, speed and endurance. So long rides, interval sessions, hill work, etc. will all have their own, and combined, benefits.
do you get to manage glycogen and bonking differently because you can perhaps eat more on a bike?
This all depends on the duration of the race. For something like a sprint distance you could probably manage without anything. For longer distances most people manage to take on more fuel during the bike, both to fuel the bike leg and also to 'stock up' for the run.
Do you have recovery sessions?
Recovery is important for any training programme 
Does cycle training require considerably more time in saddle compared to time spent running? etc etc.
It depends on distance, but the more time in the saddle, the easier it will be on race day.
There are lots of books on triathlon training. I quite like this one, although you may prefer another. Have a look on Amazon (other bookshops are available
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